Estimated impact
Conservative band; every assumption is listed below.
Traditional engineering spend (baseline)
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Estimated engineering cost saved
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Assuming automation absorbs 50–75% of traditional design effort, with licensed-engineer
review retained on every package.
Calendar time recovered
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Context: estimated constructed cost of this footprint
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At $11.50–$25.00 per foot underground (2025 industry survey interquartile range,
median $18). Shown for scale — design automation does not change it, though in min-cost mode, benchmarked builds have come in mid-teens to low-twenties percent cheaper than the matched human design.